Self regulated learning

Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) has been extensively cited in research as a process enabling students to develop cognitive, behavioral, and emotional strategies to achieve academic success. However, while SRL has been widely studied in typically developing student populations, its role in supporting students with disabilities remains largely underexplored. This mini literature review synthesizes existing SRL research tailored for students with disabilities in K-12 education. The review highlights the challenges these students face in areas such as reading, writing, and mathematics, emphasizing the importance of metacognitive awareness, self-efficacy, and strategic learning behaviors. 

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Educational Robotics and Game-Based Interventions for Overcoming Dyscalculia: A Pilot Study

Recent studies suggest that educational robotics and game-based learning can provide engaging and adaptive learning environments, enhancing numerical cognition and motivation in students with mathematical difficulties. The intervention was designed to improve calculation skills, problem-solving strategies, and overall engagement in mathematics. The study involved 73 secondary students, divided into three classes, among whom only a specific group had been diagnosed with dyscalculia. Data were collected through pre- and post-intervention assessment evaluating improvements in numerical accuracy, processing speed, and support motivation. Preliminary findings indicate that robotics and gamification create an interactive, less anxiety-inducing learning experience, facilitating conceptual understanding and retention of mathematical concepts. The results suggest that these tools hold promise as supplementary interventions for children with dyscalculia. Future research should explore long-term effects, optimal implementation strategies, and their integration within formal educational settings.

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Theoretical models of developmental dyscalculia

In recent decades, various theoretical models have been proposed to explain the origins of developmental dyscalculia (DD). In this chapter, we review domain-general and domain-specific deficit theories of DD. When considering domain-general deficits, it has been observed that verbal working memory (WM) consistently predicts differences between children with DD and typically developing children in diverse age groups and samples, even after accounting for demographic and other cognitive variables. 

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WISC-IV profile in Developmental Dyscalculia

Results in a recent study showed that cognitive abilities related to both reasoning (fluid and crystallized) and executive functioning (verbal working memory and processing speed) are involved in math achievement, with different roles played for different math tasks. Verbal working memory and crystallized intelligence, as evaluated with Digit Span and Similarities subtests, were the functions most involved in math achievement, with the former more involved in tasks related to Number System and the latter more involved in tasks related to Calculation System. Furthermore, the degree of impairment of verbal working memory influenced the BDE profiles in the subgroup of children with Developmental Dyscalculia. 

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Why Students Forget—and What You Can Do About It

In a recent article published in the journal Neuron, neurobiologists Blake Richards and Paul Frankland challenge the predominant view of memory, which holds that forgetting is a process of loss—the gradual washing away of critical information despite our best efforts to retain it. According to Richards and Frankland, the goal of memory is not just to store information accurately but to “optimize decision-making” in chaotic, quickly changing environments. In this model of cognition, forgetting is an evolutionary strategy, a purposeful process that runs in the background of memory, evaluating and discarding information that doesn’t promote the survival of the species.

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